Which of the following is a function of bark?

• A. Photosynthesis
• B. Moderating temperature, defending against insects and injury, and reducing water loss
• C. Absorbing nutrients from soil
• D. Conducting sap upward

Answer: (B)

Bark serves as a protective outer layer for the tree. It moderates temperature by insulating the inner tissues, defends against insects and physical injury, and helps reduce water loss by minimizing evaporation through the outer covering. Photosynthesis happens mainly in leaves, not bark. Absorbing nutrients from soil is a root function, and conducting sap upward is done by the xylem (with inner bark containing phloem for sugar transport), not the bark itself. The protective, water‑conserving roles captured here are the best description of what bark does.